1739 Yinchuan-Pingluo Earthquake

Events

January–March

* January 1 – Bouvet Island is discovered by French explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, in the South Atlantic Ocean.
* January 3: A 7.6 earthquake shakes the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in China killing 50,000 people.
* February 24 – Battle of Karnal: The army of Iranian ruler Nader Shah defeats the forces of the Mughal emperor of India, Muhammad Shah.
* March 20 – Nader Shah occupies Delhi, India and sacks the city, stealing the jewels of the Peacock Throne, including the Koh-i-Noor.

April–June

* April 7 – English highwayman Dick Turpin is executed by hanging for horse theft.
* May 12 – John Wesley lays the foundation stone of the New Room, Bristol in England, the world's first Methodist meeting house.
* June 13 – (June 2 Old Style); The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is founded in Stockholm, Sweden.

July–September

* July 9 – The first group purporting to represent an all-England cricket team, consisting of 11 players from various parts of England, comes to Kent and loses to the renowned Kent team, led by Lord John Sackville.
* July 12 – The British East India Company signs a treaty with the Maratha Empire to gain the right of free trade within the territory.
* July 22 – The Ottoman Empire retakes Belgrade from Austria's Habsburg monarchy after winning the Battle of Grocka.
* August 20 – The Viceroyalty of New Granada, incorporating modern-day Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela is re-established by the royal '' cedula'' of King Philip V of Spain, 16 years after it had been dissolved, and adds the territory of Panama as well.
* September 9 – The Stono Rebellion, a slave rebellion, erupts near Charleston, South Carolina.
* September 18 – The Treaty of Belgrade brings the Austro-Russian–Turkish War (1735–39) to an end.

October–December

* October 3 – The Treaty of Niš is signed.
* October 17 – The Foundling Hospital is created in London by royal charter.
* October 23 – War of Jenkins' Ear: Great Britain declares war on Spain.
* November 20– 22 – War of Jenkins' Ear – Battle of Porto Bello: British marine forces capture the Panamanian silver-exporting town of Portobelo from the Spanish.
* December 30– Months of unseasonably cold weather begin in Ireland, precipitating the Irish Famine of 1740, known as ''Bliain an Áir'' ("The Year of Slaughter"). A January 5 dispatch from Dublin to the ''Stamford Mercury'' says "Since last Wednesday we have had the most violent cold Weather that was ever known in this Kingdom; hard Frost began that evening, which has continued ever since with a very stormy Wind at South-East." At least 13% of Ireland's population dies of starvation in the year that follows.

Date unknown

* Ecuador, part of Real Audiencia of Quito, becomes a part of New Granada, instead of Peru.
* 84,000 farmers revolt in the province of Iwaki in Japan.
* A Plinian eruption of Mount Tarumae volcano occurs in Japan.
* The first Bible in Estonian is published.

Births

* January 25 – Charles François Dumouriez, French general (d. 1823)
* February 15 – Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect (d. 1813)
* March 16 – George Clymer, American politician and Founding Father (d. 1813)
* March 19 – Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance, Third Consul of France (d. 1824)
* July 26 – George Clinton, 4th Vice President of the United States, American soldier and politician (d. 1812)
* August 31 – Johann Augustus Eberhard, German theologian, philosopher (d. 1809)
* September 12 – Mary Bosanquet Fletcher, Methodism, Methodist preacher and philanthropist (d. 1816)
* September 17 – John Rutledge, Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1800)
* October 11 – Grigory Potemkin, Russian military leader, statesman, nobleman and favourite of Catherine the Great (d. 1791)
* November 2 – Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf, Austrian composer (d. 1799)
* November 20 – Jean-François de La Harpe, French critic (d. 1803)
* December 14 – Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours, French politician (d. 1817)
* ''date unknown''
**Antonio Cachia, Maltese architect, engineer and archaeologist (d. 1813)
** Bénédict Chastanier, French surgeon (d. 1816)
** Margherita Dalmet, Venetian dogaressa (d. 1817)
**Paul François Ignace de Barlatier de Mas, French naval captain (d. 1807)
**Samuel Mason, Revolutionary War soldier, early American outlaw (d. 1803)
**Karoline Kaulla, German banker (d. 1809)
**Yelizaveta Belogradskaya, Russian singer and musician

Deaths

* January 20 – Francesco Galli Bibiena, Italian architect/designer (b. 1659)
* March 5 – John Joseph of the Cross, Italian saint (b. 1654)
* March 7 – Anton Maria Maragliano, Italian artist (b. 1664)

* April 7 – Dick Turpin, English highwayman (hanged) (b. 1705)
* April 19 – Nicholas Saunderson, English scientist and mathematician (b. 1682)
* May 10 – Cosmas Damian Asam, German painter and architect during the late Baroque period (b. 1686)
* June 18 – Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, Swedish nobleman (b. 1700)
* June 20 – Edmond Martène, French Benedictine historian and liturgist (b. 1654)
* July 24 – Benedetto Marcello, Italian composer (b. 1686)
* September 8 – Yuri Troubetzkoy, Governor of Belgorod (b. 1668)
* September 12 – Ernest Louis, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (b. 1667)
* September 19 – Anne Marie Louise de La Tour d'Auvergne, French princess (b. 1722)
* October 6 – Françoise Charlotte d'Aubigné, French noble (b. 1684)
* October 18 – Antônio José da Silva, Brazilian-born dramatist (b. 1705)
* November 14 – Juan de Galavís, Spanish Catholic archbishop
* November 16 – Harry Grey, 3rd Earl of Stamford, English peer (b. 1685)
* ''date unknown'' – Anne Dodd, British people, English news seller, pamphlet shop proprietor (b. 1685)

References

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